British Foreign Minister Margaret Beckett stated that new legislation would be required to accommodate this arrangement. [47] The Association for the Legal Defence of Charles G. Taylor was established in June 2006 to assist in his legal defence. The Perspective Atlanta, Georgia. The investigation into whether Taylor had indeed trafficked in diamonds was highly publicized, in part because British model Naomi Campbell was called to testify in August 2010 about a stone (or a number of stones) that Taylor allegedly had given her in South Africa in 1997. [20], After the official end of the civil war in 1996, Taylor ran for president in the 1997 general election. He was taken into custody and held in the detention centre of the International Criminal Court, located in the Scheveningen section of The Hague. [4], During his term of office, Taylor was accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity as a result of his involvement in the Sierra Leone Civil War (1991–2002). His critics said he disregarded this prohibition. [11], On 15 September 1985, Taylor and four other inmates escaped from the jail. Upon his arrival at Roberts International Airport in Harbel, Liberia, Taylor was arrested and handcuffed by LNP officers, who immediately transferred responsibility for the custody of Taylor to the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL). [8] His mother was a member of the Gola ethnic group, part of the 95% of the people who are indigenous to Liberia. This group was frequently accused of atrocities, and is thought to have been backed by the government of neighboring Guinea. Time does fly as they say. Less than 12 hours prior to the scheduled meeting between the two heads of state, Taylor was reported apprehended en route to Liberia. According to two Operation Blessing pilots who reported this incident in 1994 to the Commonwealth of Virginia for investigation, Robertson used his Operation Blessing aeroplanes to haul diamond-mining equipment to his new mines in Liberia, while telling his 700 Club viewers that the planes were sending relief supplies to the victims of the genocide in Rwanda. Charles’s full name is Charles McArthur Ghankay Taylor and he was the 22nd president of Liberia. On 16 June 2006, the United Nations Security Council agreed unanimously to allow Taylor to be sent to Leidschendam for trial; on 20 June 2006, Taylor was extradited and flown to Rotterdam Airport in the Netherlands. [37] On 6 August, a 32-member U.S. military assessment team were deployed as a liaison with the ECOWAS troops,[38] landing from the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit, commanded by Colonel A.P. Attorney General of Virginia Mark Earley blocked any prosecution of Robertson, as the relief supplies were also sent. In response, Taylor and his counsel boycotted the trial and refused an order by the court to begin closing arguments. He was detained by UN authorities in Sierra Leone and then at the Penitentiary Institution Haaglanden in The Hague, awaiting trial by the Special Court. Although the election was widely reckoned as free and fair by international observers, Taylor had a huge advantage going into it. Jewel Taylor currently serves as the Vice President of Liberia. A 1996 peace pact led to elections on July 19, 1997. [citation needed], In July 2009, Taylor claimed at his trial that US CIA agents had helped him escape from the maximum security prison in Boston in 1985. Charles Taylor (1997-2003) Before Taylor - Samuel Doe was elected president - A Civil War - No peace Before Taylor Samuel Doe Member of the Krahn Tribe Favored the Krahn Tribe How did Taylor become president Presidency Plan: Become president Civil War Samuel Doe Things that went Nigeria stated it would not submit to Interpol's demands, agreeing to deliver Taylor to Liberia only in the event that the President of Liberia requested his return. Gespielt wird er von Eamonn Walker. View In 1984, Charles Taylor was arrested in Massachusetts on a warrant for extradition to Liberia for allegedly embezzling nearly a million dollars from the Liberian government. He was arrested at Buchanan in Grand Bassa County,[74] allegedly while attempting to cross the border into the Ivory Coast. Taylor filed an appeal, but on September 26, 2013, it was rejected, and his verdict and sentencing were upheld. [49] During the trial, the chief prosecutor alleged that a key insider witness who testified against Taylor went into hiding after being threatened for giving evidence against Taylor. He then resurfaced in Libya where he took part in militia training under Muammar Gaddafi, becoming Gaddafi's protégé. [11] Taylor fought extradition with the help of a legal team led by former US Attorney General Ramsey Clark. [55], On 8 February 2011, the trial court ruled in a 2–1 decision that it would not accept Taylor's trial summary, as the summary had not been submitted by the 14 January deadline. In 1997 Taylor married Jewel Taylor, with whom he has one son. Join Facebook to connect with Dictator Charles Taylor and others you may know. Templeton Prize 2007, Gifford Lectures 1998-99 and 2009British Academy, 1 June 2012 Updates? [5][23] In its place, Taylor installed the Anti-Terrorist Unit, the Special Operations Division of the Liberian National Police (LNP), which he used as his own private army. On 15 October 2013 he was transferred to British custody, and began serving his sentence at HM Prison Frankland in County Durham, England. The court heard the testimony of 91 witnesses called to testify against Taylor before the prosecution rested its case in February 2009. He is responsible for war crimes that cost hundreds of thousands of lives in West Africa. [39] A week before that, Nigerian authorities had taken the unusual step of allowing local press to accompany census takers into Taylor's Calabar compound. Founded National Patriotic View the profiles of people named Dictator Charles Taylor. The first of many is Charles Taylor. [40][41], In early June 2006, the decision on whether to hold Taylor's trial in Freetown or in Leidschendam had not yet been made by the new SCSL president, George Gelaga King. [77][78], Taylor also has another son, a U.S. citizen named Charles McArther Emmanuel, born to his college girlfriend. However, Reeves Taylor was not found innocent. While the peace agreement had guaranteed Taylor safe exile in Nigeria, it also required that he refrain from influencing Liberian politics. In September 1990, Johnson captured Monrovia, depriving Taylor of outright victory. As result, the possibility arose that Taylor might be arrested by Ghanaian authorities; in response, Taylor's chief bodyguard and military commander Benjamin Yeaten threatened to execute Ghanaians who lived in Liberia, deterring Ghana's government from taking action. In 1983 Doe accused Taylor of having embezzled nearly $1 million, and the following year Taylor fled to the United States, where he was jailed. Before he could be extradited, he escaped and subsequently appeared in Libya, where he formed the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL), a militia group that invaded the country in late 1989. Under Taylor’s regime, Liberia was racked by civil war, the nation was desperately poor and the country came close to anarchy. His lawyers' primary arguments before US District Magistrate Robert J. DeGiacomo stated that his alleged acts of lawbreaking in Liberia were political rather than criminal in nature and that the extradition treaty between the two republics had lapsed. It was not until July 2009 that Taylor took the stand in his own defense. (President Charles Ghankay Taylor)", Charles Taylor 'worked' for CIA in Liberia, "Former Liberian dictator Charles Taylor had US spy agency ties", "Grim legacy of Liberia's most isolated town", "Charles Taylor – preacher, warlord, president", "The Prosecutor vs. Charles Ghankay Taylor", "Female Victim Pleads for War Crimes Court", "Nigeria Readies Peace Force for Liberia; Battles Go On", "Nigeria Says Ex-President of Liberia Has Disappeared", "Chief Prosecutor Announces the Arrival of Charles Taylor at the Special Court", "THE PROSECUTOR OF THE SPECIAL COURT V. CHARLES GHANKAY TAYLOR Monday, 4 June 2007", "SIERRA LEONE: Decision on Taylor trial venue rests with head of Special Court", International Tribunals (Sierra Leone) Act 2007, "Mixed Feelings over Charles Taylor's Transfer to The Hague", "Witness in Taylor war crimes trial in hiding after threats", Top aide testifies Taylor ordered soldiers to eat victims, "Taylor: I Didn't Know Sierra Leone Rebel Pre-1991", "Charles Taylor's team rests case in war crimes trial", "Charles Taylor Boycotts End of War Crimes Trial", "Judges allow Charles Taylor's closing arguments", "Warlord Convicted: Liberia's Charles Taylor Found Guilty of War Crimes", "Liberia ex-leader Charles Taylor get 50 years in jail", "In his last stand, Charles Taylor defends himself as a peacemaker", "Prosecutors seek 80-year sentence for Charles Taylor", "Charles Taylor sentenced to 50 years in prison for war crimes", "Judges uphold Charles Taylor's jail sentence", "Ex-warlord Charles Taylor's family say he is being 'ill-treated' in British jail", "Liberia's Charles Taylor transferred to UK", "50-Year Sentence Upheld for Ex-President of Liberia", "Ex-Liberia President Charles Taylor to stay in UK prison", "LIBERIA: Charles Taylor's wife has divorce petition granted", "In Monrovia, Charles Taylor's wife awaits his verdict", "Wife of war crimes suspect Charles Taylor gives birth", "Charles Taylor's Wife Denied Visa, As Husband Celebrates 66th Birth Anniversary behind Bars in UK", "No access to family: Taylor's wife laments after UK denies visa", Ex-prisoner: Taylor's son laughed at torture", Ex-Liberian president's son convicted of torture", "UK judge dismisses charges against Charles Taylor's ex-wife", "Liberia: Charles Taylor's NPP Welcomes 'Founding Mother' Agnes Taylor; Months After War Crimes Charges Dropped in UK", "Liberia: Charles Taylor's NPP Welcomes 'Founding Mother' Agnes Taylor - Months After War Crimes Charges Dropped in UK", "Ex-wife of former Liberian president charged with torture", Nigeria agrees to hand Taylor over to Liberia, The trial of Charles Taylor – TRIAL WATCH, 10 Fascinating Things About Charles Taylor, Firestone and the Warlord – Frontline, PBS, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_Taylor_(Liberian_politician)&oldid=1017229756, Escapees from United States federal government detention, Liberian people convicted of crimes against humanity, People convicted by the Special Court for Sierra Leone, People convicted of crimes against humanity, Prisoners and detainees of England and Wales, Heads of government who were later imprisoned, Articles with dead external links from November 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles lacking reliable references from August 2020, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Crimes against humanity including, acts of terrorism, murder, atrocities against personal dignity, rape, slavery, mutilation, use of children under the age of 15 in armed forces or groups, or use them to actively participate in hostilities, looting and other acts inhuman, Terrorising the civilian population and collective punishments, Violence to life, health and physical or mental well-being of persons, in particular murder, Sexual slavery and any other form of sexual violence, Violence to life, health and physical or mental well-being of persons, in particular cruel treatment, Conscripting or enlisting children under the age of 15 years into armed forces or groups, or using them to participate actively in hostilities, WC = Violation of Article 3 common to the Geneva Conventions and of Additional Protocol II (war crimes), VIHL = Other serious violation of international humanitarian law, Taylor is a prominent character in the 2004 novel, The character Andre Baptiste Sr. from the 2005 film. He attended The Newman School in his early years. The US Defense Intelligence Agency confirmed that Taylor first started working with US intelligence in the 1980s but refused to give details of his role or US actions, citing national security.[13][14]. Governments around the world accused Taylor of supporting rebels in Sierra Leone, and in 2000 the United Nations Security Council imposed sanctions on Liberia. That year, a second Ivorian-backed rebel group, Movement for Democracy in Liberia (MODEL), emerged in southern Liberia and achieved rapid successes. Assistant United States Attorney Richard G. Stearns argued that Liberia wished to charge Taylor with theft in office, rather than with political crimes. The Court's decision came after the UK Supreme Court confirmed, in a historic judgment on 13 November 2019, that members of non-State armed groups may be prosecuted for crimes of torture under section 134(1) of the UK Criminal Justice Act 1988, thus legally paving the way for the case against Agnes Reeves Taylor to proceed to trial. [1] On 11 August, Taylor resigned, with Blah serving as president until a transitional government was established on 14 October. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Taylor's ambitions, held both during the civil war period and into his presidency, resulted not only in domestic Liberian conflict, but also to regional instability in the form of the Sierra Leone Civil War and unrest in the forest region of Guinea. Emmanuel was arrested in 2006 after entering the United States and was charged with three counts, including participation in torture while serving in the Anti-Terrorist Unit in Liberia during his father's presidency. Taylor fled to the United States but was arrested on 21 May 1984 by two US Deputy Marshals in Somerville, Massachusetts, on a warrant for extradition to face charges of embezzling $1 million of government funds while the GSA boss. On 17 March 2006, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, the newly elected President of Liberia, submitted an official request to Nigeria for Taylor's extradition. [84] However, according to allafrica.com, the two were never legally married. He encouraged his followers to use rape as a weapon and cut of the hands of people who opposed him. Critics accused Taylor of unfair tactics, including giving handouts to the largely impoverished and illiterate electorate, but he won the election with 75 percent of the votes. The trial began in June 2007, despite Taylor’s refusal to appear in court for the opening session. Due to a UN embargo against arms sales to Liberia at the time, these weapons were largely purchased on the black market through arms smugglers such as Viktor Bout. Meanwhile, several African states, in particular the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) under the leadership of Nigeria, sent troops under the banner of ECOMIL to Liberia.[37]. FORMER Liberian dictator Charles Taylor was today found guilty of sponsoring a brutal civil war that left tens of thousands dead. Taylor escaped the United States without issue. Phillip Taylor, Taylor's son with Jewel, remained in Liberia following his father's extradition to the SCSL. [17] The civil war turned into an ethnic conflict, with seven factions among indigenous peoples and the Americo-Liberians fighting for control of Liberia's resources (especially iron ore, diamonds, timber, and rubber). The indictment was unsealed during Taylor's official visit to Ghana, where he was participating in peace talks with MODEL and LURD officials. Dictator Charles Taylor is on Facebook. His trial came to a close in March 2011 as the judges adjourned to consider a verdict, which was not expected for several months. Taylor flew to Nigeria, where the Nigerian government provided houses for him and his entourage in Calabar. He then became the director of Liberia’s General Services Administration under Pres. Corrections? The subsequent investigation by the Commonwealth of Virginia concluded that Robertson diverted his ministry's donations to the Liberian diamond-mining operation. After…. All four of Taylor's fellow escapees, as well as Enid and Toweh, were later apprehended. Feb. 4, 2010 — -- Prosecutors at the human rights trial of former Liberian warlord Charles Taylor alleged Thursday that Christian televangelist Pat Robertson had lobbied the White House on Taylor's behalf in return for a gold mining contract. [3] Following a peace deal that ended the war, Taylor was elected president in the 1997 general election. [11] Shortly thereafter, Taylor and two other escapees were met at nearby Jordan Hospital by Taylor's wife, Enid, and Taylor's sister-in-law, Lucia Holmes Toweh. Amos Sawyer alleges that Taylor's aims extended beyond Liberia—that he wanted to re-establish the country as a regional power player. Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo was scheduled to meet with President Bush less than 48 hours after Taylor was reported missing. He campaigned on the notorious slogan "He killed my ma, he killed my pa, but I will vote for him. On 4 December, Interpol issued a red notice regarding Taylor, suggesting that countries had a duty to arrest him. This event was one of the factors that led to the outbreak of the Second Liberian Civil War. He attended college in the United States, where in 1977 he received a degree in economics from Bentley College in Waltham, Massachusetts. Nigeria agreed only to release Taylor and not to extradite him, as no extradition treaty existed between the two countries. [15] He later left Liberia and traveled to the Ivory Coast, where he founded the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL). The toll on the civilian population and the economy was devastating. Taylor was placed on Interpol's Most Wanted list, declaring him wanted for crimes against humanity and breaches of the 1949 Geneva Convention, and noting that he should be considered dangerous. Taylor's counsel cited the leaked cable and the court's decision as evidence of an international conspiracy against Taylor. In March 2006, however, the Liberian government requested Taylor’s extradition, and Nigeria announced that it would comply with the order. Domestically, opposition to his government grew, culminating in the outbreak of the Second Liberian Civil War (1999–2003). [62] Sentencing hearings commenced on 3 May[63] and were announced on 30 May. Charles McArthur Ghankay Taylor (born 28 January 1948) is a former Liberian politician and convicted war criminal who served as the 22nd President of Liberia from 2 August 1997 until his resignation on 11 August 2003, due to the Second Liberian Civil War and growing international pressure. During his presidency, Taylor was alleged to have been involved directly in the Sierra Leone Civil War. [51] Marzah also accused Taylor of forcing cannibalism on his soldiers in order to terrorize their enemies. He was sacked in May 1983 for embezzling an estimated $1,000,000 and sending the funds to another bank account. [45] While awaiting his extradition to the Netherlands, Taylor was held in a UN jail in Freetown.[46]. The group disbanded as part of the peace agreement at the end of the second civil war. The war dragged on for seven years as new factions arose and neighbouring countries became enmeshed in the strife. Yahya Jammeh, the former leader of the Gambia. This request was granted on 25 March, whereby Nigeria agreed to release Taylor to stand trial in the Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL). Two days later, The Boston Globe reported that they sawed through a bar covering a window in a dormitory room, after which they lowered themselves 20 feet (6.1 m) on knotted sheets and escaped into nearby woods by climbing a fence. It’s unbelievable that it’s been 10 years since the former Liberian Dictator, Kleptocrat, Murderer in Chief, Rebel Kingpin Charles “Gangster” Taylor disgracefully abdicated his throne under the combined pressure from the international community, the rebel forces of LURD and MODEL. On 9 July, Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo offered Taylor exile in his country on the condition that Taylor stay out of Liberian politics. In November 2003, the United States Congress passed a bill that included a reward offer of two million dollars for Taylor's capture. He was arrested by Liberian police officials on 5 March 2011 and charged with attempted murder in connection with an assault on the son of an immigration officer who had assisted in Charles Taylor's extradition;[73] the mother of the victim claimed that Phillip Taylor had sworn vengeance against the immigration officer. Charged with crimes against humanity and war crimes committed during Sierra Leone’s civil war, he was later sent to The Hague, where he was to be tried before the Special Court for Sierra Leone. [64][65] He was about 64 at the time. Trial proceedings are available directly from: This page was last edited on 11 April 2021, at 16:17. The fighting also spilled over into neighbouring Sierra Leone, and at one point the Economic Community of West African States attempted to intervene with peacekeeping troops. [22] Taylor won the election in a landslide, garnering 75 percent of the vote. In 1999, a rebellion against Taylor began in northern Liberia, led by a group calling itself Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD). He was also accused of assisting the RUF in the recruitment of child soldiers. Meanwhile, the dictator’s biological son (Teodorin Obiang) is living luxuriously in riches. Taylor was charged with:[61], At his trial, Taylor claimed that he was a victim, denied the charges and compared his actions of torture and crimes against humanity to the actions of George W. Bush in the War on Terror. "[21], The elections were overseen by the United Nations' peacekeeping mission, United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia, along with a contingent from the Economic Community of West African States. [12] Taylor was detained in the Plymouth County Correctional Facility. In his testimony he denied all charges against him, including conscripting child soldiers, ordering amputations and other mutilations of civilians, and illegally dealing in diamonds to fuel the 1990s conflict (so-called “blood diamonds”). Charles Taylor diente als Vorlage für Andre Baptiste sr. in dem Film Lord of War – Händler des Todes. [36], Taylor insisted that he would resign only if U.S. peacekeeping troops were deployed to Liberia. [79] In October 2008, Emmanuel was convicted on all three counts and sentenced to 97 years in prison.[80]. Reading the sentencing statement, Presiding Judge Richard Lussick said: "The accused has been found responsible for aiding and abetting as well as planning some of the most heinous and brutal crimes in recorded human history. Liberian Dictator Sets the Stage for His Downfall. [66], Sierra Leone's government described the sentence as "a step forward as justice has been done, though the magnitude of the sentence is not commensurate with the atrocities committed". Taylor was the son of a judge, a member of the elite in Liberia descended from the freed American slaves who colonized the region in the early 19th century. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. [70] In January 2017 it was found that he had been making phone calls from the prison to provide guidance to the National Patriotic Party and threaten some of his enemies.[71]. The Central Criminal Court ruled that the evidence presented by the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) failed to prove that the NPFL had the requisite authority over the relevant territory at the time the crimes in question were committed. Therefore, the Court dismissed the case. [42][43], On 15 June 2006, the British government agreed to jail Taylor in the United Kingdom in the event that he was convicted by the SCSL. [27] Upon being charged by the UN of being a gunrunner and diamond smuggler during his presidency, Taylor appeared in all-white robes and begged God for forgiveness, while denying the charges.
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