The conflict resolution and management measures taken during the conflict cycle differ for each period, although some themes are constant. Competition over land, at some level, is normal. Land is a limited and multipurpose resource, and most countries depend upon some combination of markets and regulatory frameworks to mediate that competition. Finally, it should be emphasised that in examining cases of peri-urban land conflict, the causes and consequences of such conflicts are not restricted to informal settlements. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators. Millions of people are already affected by weather-related shocks every year in West Africa and climate change is highly likely to increase these threats. However, their effects are most acute in informal settings. British Praise: "Fast paced.... The most gripping tale since the fall of France in the Second World War." - The Telegraph "What comes across is a sense of tragic inevitability.... The story is all so understandable, and all so tragic. Notwithstanding, it is what we have to make do with for the mean time. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. Keywords: Realistic Group Conflict Theory, inter-ethnic conflict, land, chieftaincy, northern Ghana 1. 0000007236 00000 n frame the concept of drivers and consequences of recurrent conflicts. 0000003883 00000 n T1 - Land use problems and conflicts. Disrupting Territories: Land, Commodification and Conflict in Sudan. Note: The researcher’s own literature review and research with NEU and UNDP (2017). This is the first comprehensive study in the context of EMDEs that covers, in one consistent framework, the evolution and global and domestic drivers of inflation, the role of expectations, exchange rate pass-through and policy implications ... To prevent the crisis from escalating, the government should strengthen security for herders and farmers, implement conflict resolution mechanisms and establish grazing reserves. This volume synthesizes insights from the vast literature on land policy. the nature of conflict 1-2 the land environment 1-3 Land forces 1-4 the character of conflict 1-5 implications of the nature and character of conflict 1-8 Annex 1A - Principles of war 1-11. Policy makers and citizens are starting to realize that many environmental and economic issues have the question of land use at their very core. The effects of conflict on women’s economic activity differ by age and life status. Types of land conflicts identified: • Ownership conflicts • Land use conflicts • Conflicts over water 71.30% 28,70% Conflicts with displacement effects Conflict classification: Impacts on women: Conflicts with Displacement effects (severe effects): • Traumatized society and low living standards • Tenure insecurity, low investment rates Conflict over land, particularly involving land access and rights, disproportionately and negatively impacts women. Understanding Land Conflicts 31 2.4 Consequences of land conflicts Land ownership conflicts have negative effects on individual house- holds as well as on the nation’s economy. 0000000016 00000 n Despite government interventions through land -related legislation aimed to protect the small -holder farmer, land conflicts still rage on and remain politically and culturally sensitive. Solving and preventing This Toolkit provides non-technical, practical help to enable officials to recognise conflict of interest situations and help them to ensure that integrity and reputation are not compromised. 472 0 obj <> endobj This book suggests a new explanation for why international peace interventions often fail to reach their full potential. The study further analyses the causes and effects of land conflicts in Uganda and. These effects have also been reviewed. The authors also find evidence of a significant and quantitatively large productivity-reducing impact of land conflicts. Simmel was the first to acknowledge that conflict is a natural and necessary part of society; Coser brought Simmel’s idea to mainstream sociology, at least in America. The main effects of LUCs on wild ungulates in KWE include a decline in wild ungulate numbers, habitat destruction, increased human-wildlife conflicts, land degradation, and displacement of wild ungulates by livestock. This book explores the gendered dimensions of recent land governance transformations across the globe in the wake of unprecedented pressures on land and natural resources. %PDF-1.4 %���� x��UmkU>s�e&qv��n۱���t�N�¤��laLXa_��_b6 icQ(C*�ܼm�H��T�BĴ~Y%HZ��&�!�6j����*��"T�{��n�~�80��{�9�>�sg�� } n n�`�)�:A. Pastoral societies are increasingly shaped by external forces and dynamics. The overwhelming issue motivating the conflict is scarcity of natural resources, predominantly water and land. 0000000818 00000 n Research on their causes and consequences is, however, limited. 0000001805 00000 n Class discrimination with regard to landownership in the northwest region is identified not only as one of the main factors responsible for land conflict but also as a main constraint resulting from such conflict. Attempts to forcefully settle pastoralists have resulted in an unanticipated social crisis, setting the stage for an emerging conflict over the allocation and use of resources. Competition for land resources is a major cause of conflict between and within nations and there can be significant impacts on land from violent conflicts. NAMED ONE OF THE TEN BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY THE NEW YORK TIMES BOOK REVIEW AND THE EAST HAMPTON STAR “Margaret MacMillan has produced another seminal work. . . . She is right that we must, more than ever, think about war. Land and Natural resources Conflict The management of land and natural resources is one of the most critical challenges facing developing countries today. This paper—a product of Rural Development, Development Research Group—is part of a larger effort in the group to explore the impact of land policies. Border closures: Unintended consequences. Borders in Africa and their management are a factor of the complex socio-economic, political, environmental, and demographic challenges that Africa faces. Apart from the loss of human lives and property, the war disrupted economic and socio-cultural activities, and caused internal displacement of people with its attendant social and economic repercussions. Land conflicts in Ghana have directly and indirectly affected the country’s economy and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). �_��%�A�0=궸�-�)�m�ۏ]��~�=��߹�\����o��E]��*QhTwcv��j��ؽQ�\Nq2:������1J;GA�:Q��M����~�y��`��r�)����=+��ϔ���{�a~(X�d����Ȇg�����L;t�J.�e/o�������I� Farm land conflict hampers local and national development by mainly affecting rural agricultural productivity. 0000002268 00000 n Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. Not only is urban land use and sprawl a hot-button issue, but issues of rural land use have also been in the headlines. Recently, more research has focused on the effects of armed conflict on land systems, but still little is known about the processes and outcomes of such events. A land-use conflict occurs when there are conflicting views on land-use policies, such as when an increasing population creates competitive demands for the use of the land, causing a negative impact on other land uses nearby. This book describes changes in practice that result, tracing shifts in the ways people relate to the land, to each other and to outsiders, and the histories of engagement that frame those changes. 0000004129 00000 n This book brings clarity, depth, and understanding to this contentious issue by providing answers to three fundamental questions: What are the realities of land acquisition today? How did the situation get to this impasse? The Quick Guide to Land and Conflict Prevention, published by the Initiative on Quiet Diplomacy, outlines a number of approaches, including mediation. Results indicate that female-headed households and widows are particularly affected and that the passage of the 1998 Land Act has failed to reduce the number of pending land conflicts. These issues, however, did not present all at once but instead slowly over time due to a combination of inefficient state mechanisms, the oil boom in Nigeria, late effects of colonialism, climate change, constantly increasing armament of non-state groups (Gürsoy,2020). Land Ownership and control of land are another major source of ethnic conflicts in the Northern Region. O n September 27, two vehicles transporting Benishangul-Gumuz local administrators were ambushed by gunmen in Hena in West Wollega Zone of Oromia. Figure 1: An analysis of causes and effects of land conflicts in Vietnam. INFLUENCE OF LAND DISPUTES ON FARMING COMPETITIVENESS IN CHEPYUK WARD … In this paper, we hypothesise that conflicts constrain the ability to do so, but that the resilience capacity of SHFs mitigate the adverse effects of conflict shocks. The manner in which land institutions should (or should not) go about reforming national land policies has been a highly contested topic given the complex and multilayered nature of land-related conflicts. Land has remained a thorny social, economic and political issue which has generated a lot of ethnic conflicts between Konkombas and Bimobas, Konkombas and Dagombas, Konkombas and Nanumbas, Konkombas and Gonjas, Gonjas and Nawuris and recently Konkombas and Nawuris. This thesis focuses on land conflicts in Kenya and the effects they have had on women and the affected households in general. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | Volume IV, Issue XI, November 2020 | ISSN 2454–6186. Higher food prices, water availability, violent conflicts for land, migration, increasing poverty, pollution from wind-blown dust particles coming from distant lands, could be the outcomes of desertification if we let it consume more of our planet. Land disputes have disa strous and life threatening eff ects on individuals as well as on groups, communities and even entire nations (Wehrmann, 2008). In conflict and post-conflict situa tions many men have either been killed or gone missing, causing a sharp rise in the number of women-headed households. The large … The underlying values of the investors and their navigation of local politics also have key roles to play in shaping the built, natural, social, and economic place effects. Sections are devoted to problems in the … startxref - long term damage to the environment can have devastating effects on nations involved - long term destruction of the land: pollution caused by chemical weapons - the environmental damage can also spread to the other parts of the planet - normal life destroyed - roads/property destroyed and needs to be re-built. 0000001642 00000 n 0 In contrast, married women continued to conform to traditional notions of women’s role, engaging in domestic tasks and subsistence farming Schindler, 2011). Land conflicts in the African context are explored through literature review supported by data THE EFFECTS OF CONFLICTS AND CAUSES IN WEST AFRICA. Propelled by desertification, insecurity and the loss of grazing land to expanding settlements, the southward migration of Nigeria’s herders is causing violent competition over land with local farmers. 0000002229 00000 n Earlier this month, there was a flurry of stories about brutal mass killings in clashes between the Pokomo and Orma communities over water and land in southeast Kenya’s Tana River County. Land use and conflict. Land systems play a critical role in conflict, as both causes of conflict and as victims of conflict. Competition for land resources is a major cause of conflict between and within nations and there can be significant impacts on land from violent conflicts. of the land-and-conflict picture. Mona Ayoub gives an account of the politicisation of land conflicts from the colonial era to the present, with particular attention on the 1970 Unregistered Lands Act. tional consequences of conflict—other than Simmel, that is. 0000001843 00000 n Nakuru District is taken as a case study. Presently, 54 sovereign nations/states are the entity of Africa as a continent and this represents 25% of states globally. Benishangul conflict spurred by investment, land titling, rumors. However, the effects of land reforms on transactions at the peri-urban fringe, in the context of wider processes of liberalisation, may be increasing vulnerability to conflict over land. It also reveals negative short-to-medium term effects of land conflicts that require investigation by Vietnam’s political and government agencies. It can be difficult to identify a particular start date for the conflict since there have been disputes and battles over the land in the Israel-Palestine region for some time. With a lineup including some of the best scholarship on this subject to date, this volume will be of use to those studying environmental and land use issues in addition to policy makers and economists. trailer Y1 - 2004/11/24. 0000001021 00000 n The boundary disputes may evolve from historical and/or cultural claims, or they may be brought on by competition of resource exploitation. This book presents up-to-date information about the land and maritime boundary disputes of Asia. The United Nations is attempting to curb the illicit trade in small arms, and a more radical treaty to limit arms transfers is being promoted by non-governmental organisations such as Oxfam. The study found out that competition for land between refugees themselves and host communities coupled with unclear land boundaries among other factors are responsible for the land conflicts in Nakivale settlement. In twenty-one chapters by twenty-five authors, this book considers experiences with, and approaches to, post-conflict land issues in seventeen countries and in varied social and geographic settings. Women who do not have formal rights to Land-use conflict. The relatively fewer immigrants to these regions became tenants or were employed as agricultural laborers or range riders, gauchos, than as small freeholders. For close to two decades after the inter-ethnic conflict, the rippling effects of the war continued to be pronounced. Social media technology is having a dramatic impact on social and political dynamics around the world. The contributors to this book document and illustrate this "techtonic" shift on violent conflict and democratic processes. 0000007949 00000 n The roots of the current war between the government of Uganda and the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) in Acholiland are entwined with the history of conflicts in Uganda and the rise to power of the National Resistance Movement/National Resistance Army (NRM/A). Surprisingly, even though many studies deal with causes and consequences of land conflict at a descriptive level, we know of no aiming to explore this issue quantitatively or to explore explicitly whether policy interventions have reduced or increased the level of conflict. She describes clashes between modern and traditional systems and their implications for conflict in regions such in Darfur, eastern Sudan and the Nuba Mountains. Consequences of the Armed Conflict, Forced Human Displacement, and Land Abandonment on Forest Cover Change in Colombia: A Multi-scaled Analysis Download PDF. In conflict and post-conflict situations many men have either been killed or gone missing, causing a sharp rise in the number of women-headed households. 2.4 Consequences of land conflicts 31 2.5 Classification of land conflicts 32 3. To summarise, having analysed Zionism, Arab nationalism and British foreign policy as three key causes of the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, as well as three major consequences of the war, this essay can conclude that the 1948 Arab-Israeli war was a highly complex conflict with its origins going as far back as biblical times. Problems over land may cause a conflict to flare up again, or may hinder stabilization and recovery after the violence is over. This study examines the determinants of land use conflicts; assesses the causes and consequences of land use conflicts among vegetable farmers in Denu using survey data of 102 respondents. In effect, the major effect of the Land Use Act is to transfer allodial title to the governor. 472 15 AU - Shortle, James S. PY - 2004/11/24. found to be the major consequences of land conflict in Masindi district affecting access to, use of and control over land. Since the colonial period, different Ugandan governments have adopted anti-pastoralist policies, leading pastoralists to lose land vital for the survival of the herds on which they depend. She further contends that land conflict was not the primary impetus for violence and genocide, but that government policies limiting land sales, freedom of movement and labour opportunities as well as non-use of family planning and mismanagement of conflicts in a peaceful way were factors that led to the discontent of people in the country (Boudreaux 2009:85). While proper changes can minimize the effects and speed of climatic changes, the continued adverse changes may be accelerating the deterioration of the world’s condition. The environmental consequences of land degradation are vast, including amplified soil losses, water quality deterioration, biodiversity decline and degradation of ecosystem services and corresponding values, especially if actual land uses disrespect capability (natural use), in which cases land is in a state of environmental conflict. Deininger and Castagnini use data from Uganda to explore who is affected by land conflicts, whether recent legal changes have helped to reduce their incidence, and to assess their impact on productivity. 6 0 obj <> endobj In the absence of adequate data to construct a composite 4 0 obj <>stream 6 18 The objective of this article is to measure the extent of land conflicts and climate change on agricultural productivity and yields in the most conflict-prone regions of Chad. Ana María Sánchez … A land dispute is a disagreement over the possession /control of land between two or more territorial entities or over the possession or control of land, usually between a … Download Land Use Problems And Conflicts books, The causes, consequences and control of land use change have become topics of enormous importance in contemporary society. Land governance continues to be a topic of high interest within policy and academic circles. Master's Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Social Studies (General), grade: 3.68, Addis Ababa University, language: English, abstract: The problem of cross border farmland conflict along the Ethio-Sudan border has been an alarming ... Here we use the case of Syria and Iraq and the seizure of land by the Islamic State (IS) since 2014 as an example of armed conflict, where we investigate the effects on agricultural land use.
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